Semana 4 - 27/01/12

Hidrodinamicas 
- >Fluidos en movimiento
-> Volumen no puede = 0


Principios
-Hay tres principios de hidrodinamicas 


Primero Principio = Principio de Gasto

• La relación existente entre el volumen de líquido que fluye por un conducto y el tiempo que tarda en fluir.
• G=V/t
• Con densidad G=m/RO(t)

Segundo Principio = Principio de Flujo

• Se define como la cantidad de masa del líquido que fluye a través de una tubería en un segundo.
• F=m/t
• Con densidad F=v(RO)/t

Ultima Principio = Principio de Berroulli

• La presión de un líqiodo que fluye por una tubería es baja si su velocidad as alta y es alta si velocidad es baja
• Si la presión es alto, el volumen es bajo. Si la presión es bajo entonces el volumen es alto.

-> Tubo de Pitot-> mide la velocidad de 1 rio-> 
v=(square root) 2gh
-> Tubo de Venturi ->mide la velocidad en una tuberia->
v=(square root)2/density x PA-PB÷ (AA/AB)squared - 1


Unidades
Peso normal del objecto (P) = N
volumen del objecto (V) = m(cubed)
Peso especifico del fluido (Pe)=RO x g=N÷m(cubed)
Empuje del fluido (E) = Pe x V=N÷m(cubed) x m(cubed) = N
Peso aparente del objecto = P-E


Physics to Marketing (ted.com)

• http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/dan_cobley_what_physics_taught_me_about_marketing.html
• This topic interests me, relating physics to the always booming and up to date world of marketing. As physics explains the actions and world around us it also improves marketing strategies. Physics compares to the force marketing plays and how minor changed details in physics as well as marketing can affect the entire "equation". Marketers try to measure what their consumers might do, not what they have already done, similar to physics and how equations measure something that concerns future knowledge. Last, the scientific theory in physics parallels to that of marketing because many actions or observations can't completely prove a theory, although it's interesting how just one disaster can implode on a once steady marketing firm or just one acusation can disprove a major physics theory.

Week Three 20/1/12

Fluidos
There are four existing materials, although only three maintain the "fluid" status.

• They are: 
• Solid
• Liquid
• gas 
• plasma

The state of the three fluids (liquid, gas and plasma) are at either:

->Hydrostatic - still fluids

->Hydrodynamic - fluids in movement

Principios

There are three main principles that support the idea of Hydrodynamics (water in movement)

1. Pascal's principle - states that when ever there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.
2. Archimede's principle - states that a body immersed in a fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid.
3. Torricelli's principle - states that the outflow velocity at the outlet is equal to the velocity of a particle flowing freely from the height.

<-Pascal

<-Archimede

<-Torricelli 

Pressure equations:

• P=F/A -> N/m(squared) which is equivalent to a Pa (pascal)
• 1atm=76cm - Hg = 1.013 x 10(to the fifth) Pa
• P(total) = P(i)+P(fluid)
• P=RO(meaning density) x gravity x height 

Density Equation -> RO=m/v ->kg/m(cubed)

• "v" meaning volume can either resemble m(cubed) or liters

Viscosity Equation -> viscosity=Pa x seconds

• "Pa" referring back to a pascal of pressure

http://www.ted.com/talks/charles_limb_building_the_musical_muscle.html

I found this medical seminar on hearing very interesting, relating the restoration of hearing towards music. In this speech the very true point of how our senses want to experience pleasant things, such as hearing good music, is important and necessary to most. The sense of hearing is crucial to leading a more filled life, therefore this practice has come the furthest regarding restoration than all the other senses have. The primary restoration is in the cochlea, the part of the ear that allows ones to hear. The sound of music to one depends on the condition of the cochlea. If damaged music could sound awful, and completely unenjoyable. This is because music is considered an abstract sound unlike a language, so the pitch gets more distorted, making the sound of music at times unbearable. As music is that pleasant 'getaway' for the sense of hearing professionals have found ways for cochlea replaced patients to train their ear in order to enjoy and maybe even learn to play music.

Week Two 13/1/12

ENERGY CONSERVATION PRINCIPLE!

• ENERGY CAN NOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED,ONLY TRANSFORMED.

There are numerous equations linked together to discover different variable related to energy being transformed 

Equations:

• (position)E=(position)P
• a=(postion)velocity/(position)time
• P(momentum)=mass x velocity
• power=work/time = force x velocity
• work=force x distance x cos

-> and of course Potential energy=mgh and Kinetic energy=1/2xmxv(squared)

Such graphs that could represent the changes in such equations would appear as so:

The Right Handed graphing system is common in physics allowing people to understand notation convections in 3 dimensional figures on a two dimensional surface. In physics the x axis is represented as the axis ,if in three dimension, would come off of the paper, the y represents the horizontal and the x vertical axis. Such as:

Recently a new spacecraft named Kepler has been launched in search of extraterrestrial life as well as habitable planets other than the only one we know of, Earth! Nasa keeps a missions log for Kepler with the latest updates on such discoveries.

-> http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html

Week One 6/1/12

There are two different matters within physics that describes how an object moves. The explanation is split into cinematics (how objects move) as well as dynamics (why objects moves). These are known as the "mechanics" of physics.

• Cinematics would include the movement equations
• Kinetic energy -> Ek=1/2mv(squared)
• Potential energy -> Ep=mgh (obtaining position)
• m=mass
• v=velocity
• h=height
• g=gravity
• Dynamics would include Newton and Kepler's explanations
• Newton's laws
1. Every object in a state of motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an outside force (inertia).
2. Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass (momentum).
3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• Kepler's laws
• The orbit of the planets are elliptical, with the sun at its focus of the ellipse
• The line joining the planets to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times as the planet travels around the planets ellipse
• d(squared)=T(cubed) when d is the distance between the sun and a planet and T is the period of time

There are seven fundamental units within physics that apply to more complex units that branch out from such fundamental ones. These Fundamental units consist of -

• Length -> meter -> (m)
• Mass-> Kilogram -> (kg)
• Time-> second -> (s)
• Temperature -> Kelvin degree -> ("degree" k)
• Electric current -> ampere -> (A)
• Light intensity -> candela -> (cd)
• substance -> mol -> (mol)

*Conservation Energy Principle*

• Energy can not be created or destroyed, only transformed.

This video clearing displays the principle for the conservation of energy.

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BVxEEn3w688

Types of Energy

• caloric -> energy generated by the food/nutrients ingested.
• electrical -> presence and flow of electrical charge carried out by an electrical current.
• chemical -> energy found in covalent bonds between atoms within a molecule.
• hydraulic -> (hydroelectric) produced by high volumes of moving water.
• wind -> the flow of wind pulls turbines storing energy from the movement.
• radiant -> (also refers to electromagnetic waves) transmission of power from one location to another.
• nuclear -> originates from the splitting of uranium by fission. The fission process is then used to generate heat from steam, then the steam is used to pull a turbine which generates energy.
• mechanical -> sum of energy in a mechanical system (kinetic and potential energy). All objects have mechanical energy if they are in motion or at a position relative to 0 potential energy.

Momentum

Momentum states that any object thats is moving obtaining mass has momentum, often defined as a "mass in motion". Momentum depends on mass and velocity, therefore making the equation to find momentum p (momentum)=m x v. 

• This video describes in depth how momentum functions.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQ3RfKPPO2o